Today in Irish History

[boxman]

i like that quote by Sean O Casey re Thomas Ashe's death in muntjoy,

" You cannot put a rope around the neck of an idea "


and that a( maze )ing escape by prisoners in the Maze...38 broke out,

& 19 were still at large. Were they recaptured ?

If midgets broke out of jail would they also be said to be 'at large'??

[Rashers]

September 26

1289 - 'All men of good will to the king', both Irish and English, in Munster and Leinster are summoned to Buttevant in Leix (Queen's County). A ten-day expedition which begins on this date, subdues and forces the local Irish into an uneasy peace

1713 - Charles Lucas, physician, MP and political radical, is born in Ballingaddy, Ennis, Co. Clare

1902 - James Dillon, politician and Fine Gael leader is born in Dublin

1930 - Saor Éire, a republican/socialist party, is founded by Peadar O'Donnell, Seán MacBride and other IRA members; it, the IRA and ten other organizations are declared illegal in the Free State on 23 October, and the Catholic Church excommunicates members of all 12 organizations. Saor Éire is soon dissolved

1932 - De Valera opens the 13th Assembly of the League of Nations in Geneva

1957 - Shamrock Rovers become the first League of Ireland team to play in the European Cup — they lose 6-0 to Manchester United

1997 - U2 plays its first-ever show in Greece, in the city of Thessaloniki

2000 - Ulster Unionist leader David Trimble warns that the Good Friday Agreement could vanish over plans for new policing arrangements and the IRA’s failure to disarm

2000 - Financier George Finbar Ross, whose Gibraltar-based International Investments company went bust in the mid-eighties owning millions to Irish investors, is cleared of the bulk of the charges against him

2001 - Thousands of teachers will be docked up to £500 each because of industrial action they took prior to last year's State exams

[Rashers]

September 27

1662 - An "act for encouraging Protestant strangers and others to inhabit and plant in the kingdom of Ireland" is passed in the Irish Parliament under Charles II

1725 - Patrick Darcy, scientist and soldier, is born in Kitulla, Co.Galway

1891 - Charles Stewart Parnell makes his last public appearance at Creggs, Co. Galway

1926 - Tim O'Keeffe, publisher, is born in Kinsale, Co. Cork

1954 - Brian Mullins, Dublin Gaelic footballer, is born in Dublin

1957 - Launch of the Royal Showband

1971 - Heath, Lynch and Faulkner meet for talks at Chequers

1973 - The first in an annual series of ecumenical conferences is held at Ballymascanlon, Co. Louth and is attended by representatives of al the main churches

1998 - Tony Blair calls for a crisis meeting with David Trimble, Seamus Mallon and Gerry Adams to try to break the deadlock which has arisen over the decommissioning of arms

1998 - Liam Neeson and Natasha Richardson announce they will donate a six-figure libel payout to a memorial fund for the victims of the Omagh bomb massacre

1999 - The Tipperary Rural and Business Development Institute opens in Thurles, Co Tipperary

2000 - Sinn Féin leader Gerry Adams accuses David Trimble of attempting to manufacture another artificial crisis in Northern Ireland

2000 - Thirty-three years after it was made, censors lift the ban on a film adaptation of James Joyce’s epic novel Ulysses

2001 - British Airways announces it is to close its Belfast-Heathrow route with 160 job losses. BA's decision also means it will suspend its daily service to Gatwick from Shannon and Cork

2001 - Entrepreneur Denis O'Brien is ordered to leave the Oireachtas committee inquiring into the CIE rail signalling project after telling Deputy Seán Doherty he is unfit to be its chairman.

[Rashers]

September 28

1678 - 'Popish plot' is alleged in England

1690 - Marlborough takes Cork for the Williamites

1703 - Francis Annesley is expelled from the Irish Commons for his part in The Report of the Commissioners appointed by Parliament into the Irish Forfeitures, printed in London, containing the paragraph: 'And indeed it does appear to us, that the Freeholders of this Kingdom, through length of time and by contracting new friendship with the Irish, or by inter-purchasing with one another, but chiefly through a general dislike of the disposition of the forfeitures, are scarce willing to find any person guilty of the late rebellion, even upon full evidence.' The House has found that Annesley 'scandalously and maliciously misrepresented and traduced the Protestant Freeholders of this Kingdom and thereby endeavoured to create a misunderstanding and jealousy between the people of England and the Protestants of this Kingdom'

1725 - Sir Arthur Guinness is born in Celbridge, Co. Kildare. There is much debate as to Sir Arthur's birthdate. Many sources say September 24, although there is no evidence to support that claim. Charles Mosely 'Burke's Peerage and Barontage says that March 2nd was the date Arthur made his debut. To end all the speculation, in 1991 the Guinness Company chose September 28th. To confuse matters further, in 2009, Guinness celebrated its 250th birthday; but it would appear that many people are interchanging the birth of the stout with the founder of the company who makes it. No matter. Whatever the date, Arthur's Day is cause for a celebration with substance.

1912 - Edward Carson, leader of Ulster Unionists, stages signing of "Southern League and Covenant" against Irish Home Rule

1920 - Cork No. 2 Brigade, IRA, attacks and captures a military barracks in Mallow, Co. Cork. English forces later burn and sack the town

1960 - RTÉ broadcasts a report on the re-opening of Bunratty Castle to the public after extensive refurbishing

1964 - Divis Street riots follow Ian Paisley's insistence that the RUC remove the Tricolour from a window at Sinn Féin’s Belfast headquarters

1978 - Pope John Paul I dies after just 33 days in office aged 65 - the shortest reign in the entire history of the Papacy

1987 - U2 is joined by the New Voices of Freedom choir onstage at Madison Square Garden in New York for a performance of "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For"

1998 - Taoiseach Bertie Ahern vows to hand over all necessary papers to the Flood Tribunal investigation into alleged planning irregularities

1998 - The final strains of the Last Post symbolically close a 200-year-old military history in Fermoy and Ballincollig as the Tricolour is lowered and the troops leave the barracks. Both camps are closing and the soldiers are being transferred to Cork

1999 - The home of dual Olympian and arguably Ireland’s greatest ever athlete, the late Dr Pat O’Callaghan, is demolished in his adopted Clonmel to make way for a Rehab training facility

1999 - Larchill Arcadian Gardens in Co. Kildare win's the top prize in the ESB Community Environment Awards

2000 - The Ulster Unionist Party warns that it may withdraw from all North South bodies established under the Good Friday Agreement unless guarantees are forthcoming on IRA decommissioning, and policing

2000 - According to official figures, the number of mobile telephone connections in Ireland exceeds the fixed line total for the first time

2000 - A call for the IRA to be disbanded is made by Taoiseach Bertie Ahern when he reiterates the view that Fianna Fáil cannot go into government with Sinn Féin while that party remains linked to an armed force.

[Rashers]

September 29

1155 - A proposal for the invasion of Ireland by Henry II is discussed at the Council of Winchester and rejected, though soon after, Henry obtains a papal privilege approving the invasion

1603 - Rory O'Donnell kisses the king's hand and is created Earl of Tyrconnell

1678 - Count Peter Lacy, soldier, governor of Livonia (Latvia) and field-marshal in the Russian army, is born in Killeedy, Co. Limerick

1732 - Birth of Sir Henry Cavendish, politician and master of shorthand, who recorded parliamentary debates

1778 - Birth in Dublin of Catherine McAuley, founder of the Sisters of Mercy

1798 - Tandy and other Irish political prisoners in Hamburg are handed over to British authorities

1826 - Charles Cornwallis Chesney, professor of military history, is born in Kilkeel, Co. Down

1836 - Michael Mulhall, publisher and statistician, is born in Dublin

1854 - Birth in Kinvara, Co. Galway of Francis Arthur Fahy who wrote the song, Galway Bay

1898 - Fenian Thomas Clarke is released from Portland Prison

1905 - Francis Llewellyn Harrison, musicologist, is born in Dublin

1908 - Birth of film star Greer Garson in Co. Down

1929 - The last active Fenian, John Devoy, dies

1930 - George Bernard Shaw refuses a peerage

1972 - Kathleen Daly Clarke, Irish patriot, dies

1979 - Pope John Paul II arrives in Dublin for the first ever papal visit to Ireland

1999 - Smyth’s bar on Haddington Road in Dublin, is sold ‘virtually’ and otherwise in Ireland’s first Internet broadcast property auction

2002 - In Co. Wicklow, five paintings, including two by the renowned artist, Rubens, are stolen in another raid on Russborough House which has a history of art thefts.

[Rashers]

September 30

1430 - A great council meets at Dublin on on this date; it states that Irish enemies and English rebels have conquered almost all of Limerick, Tipperary, Kilkenny, Wexford, Carlow, Kildare, Meath and Louth, so that hardly anything but Co. Dublin remains in the colony

1598 - The English poet Edmund Spenser is appointed Sheriff of Cork

1691 - The first recorded meeting of the Presbyterian general synod of Ulster is held at Antrim

1852 - Sir Charles Stanford, composer, is born in Dublin

1900 - Arthur Griffith forms Cumann na nGaedheal, which later becomes Sinn Féin

1949 - Birth of Finance Minister, Charlie McGreevy

1959 - World premiere of the Sean O’Riada’s film Mise Éire, at Cork Film Festival

1994 - Michael Flannery, Irish patriot, dies in New York City

1997 - U2 performs in Tel Aviv, Israel for the first time

1998 - Northern Secretary Mo Mowlam holds out the prospect of troops being removed permanently from the streets of the North if paramilitary groups hand in their weapons

1998 - Gerry Adams warns there must be no slippage in full implementation of the Good Friday settlement

1998 - The first appearance together of David Trimble and Séamus Mallon on a Labour platform draws an enormous and spontaneous ovation from the 3,000 delegates attending the party conference in Blackpool

1999 - The Rev. Ian Paisley meets with Taoiseach Bertie Ahern on the question of arson attacks on churches in the border area

2001 - Ireland assumes presidency of the United Nation's Security Council

2001 - Thousands of Irish, New Yorkers and Irish-Americans pay tribute to the many Irish people who died in the terrorist attacks. Bishop John Buckley of Cork celebrated the mass with the Bishop of Killaloe at the Roman Catholic Holy Trinity church in Manhattan.

[Rashers]

October 1

1600 - Robert Grave, Church of Ireland Bishop of Ferns and Leighlin, and his family drown in Dublin Bay on their way home to Wexford by sea

1796 - The Royal College of St. Patrick. a Catholic seminary, is opened in Maynooth, Co. Kildare

1751 - Cornelius Bolton, politician, Volunteer and improving landlord is born

1761 - In the climate of sectarian tension created partly by the Mathew-Maude controversy, the Whiteboys, a violent agrarian protest movement, begins in Tipperary and spreads through Munster and West Leinster

1911 - Statue of Charles Stewart Parnell is unveiled in Dublin

1930 - Actor Richard Harris is born in Limerick

1979 - RTÉ broadcasts Pope John Paul II's visit to Ireland

2000 - Eight men, including one Irishman, are feared dead after their fishing vessel sinks off the Clare coast in gale force winds and treacherous seas

2000 - President Mary McAleese leads the tributes to the Apostolic Nuncio, Archbishop Luciano Storero, who died at 8am this morning in the Mater Hospital in Dublin at the age of 74

2001 - Journalists from all over Ireland gather to pay tribute to colleague Martin O'Hagan who was gunned down last week. More than 1,500 people attend his funeral in his hometown of Lurgan, County Armagh

2001 - The Black & White Pub of The Year Award 2001 goes to Fitzpatrick's Bar of Jenkinstown, Co Louth.

[Rashers]

October 2

1600 - O'Neill engages Mountjoy's forces in the Battle of Moyry Pass

1833 - Birth of Father William Corby who became Chaplain of the Irish Brigade in Detroit, Michigan

1852 - William O'Brien, writer and nationalist, is born in Mallow, Co. Cork

1875 - Arthur Conway, mathematician and president of University College Dublin, is born in Wexford

1879 - Kate Coll arrives in New York from Ireland on board the SS Nevada. She later marries Juan Vivion de Valera, and gives birth to Éamon on October 14, 1882 in New York

1900 - Hubert Butler, writer and local historian, is born near Bennettsbridge, Co. Kilkenny

1942 - The British cruiser Curaçao sinks off Donegal after colliding with the Queen Mary; 338 lives are lost

1975 - Death of sculptor, Seamus Murphy

2001 - Máire Ní Chathasaigh, harpist and composer wins the TG4 Traditional Music Award 2001

2002 - In Málaga, Spain, a street is to be named after deceased Irish painter, George Campbell. Mr Campbell, from Arklow, Co Wicklow, died in 1979. He spent five months of every year of his last 27 years in Málaga

2002 - A 1.3 acre site at Railway Square in Waterford city is sold at auction for €4.9 million – over twice its guide price and a record for the region.

2009 - Irish voters strongly endorse the European Union's Lisbon Treaty - 16 months after their first vote rejecting it plunged EU reforms into deadlock. According to final results, 67.1% of Irish voters approved it, while 32.9% voted "No". Turnout in the three-million electorate was 58%.

[Rashers]

October 3

1691- Treaty of Limerick is signed, ending the Williamite War in Ireland; the treaty allows evacuation of the Irish army to France and promises tolerance of Irish Catholics

1750 - James McLaine, gentleman highwayman born in Monaghan, is hanged at Tyburn

1871 - Gen. John O'Neill and a small force of Fenians invade Canada at Pembina, Manitoba

1943 - Richard Caborn, Sports Minister, is born

1961 - Ireland applies for membership of the European Economic Community on 1 August and joins UNESCO on this date

1966 - Birth of Niall Quinn, footballer

1971 - Death of Seán Ó Riada, founder, composer, and arranger for the Chieftains. He composed Mná na hÉireann (Women of Ireland). Guided by his vision, traditional music changed radically, and became accessible to a modern Irish audience, and through this traditional music, the cultural life of Ireland was invigorated. (taken from the book "Bringing It All Back Home" by Nuala O Connor)

1975 - Dr Tiede Herrema, chief executive of the Dutch-owned Ferenka factory in Ballyvarra, County Limerick, is kidnapped by the IRA

1981 - In the Maze Prison, Northern Ireland, ten IRA and INLA hunger-strikers die between 5 May and 12 August; the hunger strike is called off on this date

2000 - The death toll in storms that have raged for two days off the coast of Galway reaches 20

2002 - Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness condemns a weekend gun attack on a bus driver in his home city of Derry which police believe was the work of the IRA.

[Rashers]

October 4

1582 - Pope Gregory reforms the calendar introduced by Julius Caesar in 45BCE: 4 October is followed by 15 October. However, the reform will not be implemented in Ireland till 1752

1693 - Irish Brigade of France fights in the battle of Marsaglia

1733 - Henry Boyle, the future Earl of Shannon, is unanimously elected Speaker of the Irish parliament. He will serve till 1756 - the longest-serving Speaker of the 1692-1800 parliaments

1741 - Edmund Malone, editor and Shakespearian scholar, is born in Dublin

1842 - Birth of heavyweight bare-knuckle boxer Jim Dunne in Co. Kildare.
Dunne won the American heavyweight title from fellow Irishman Jim Elliot - the pair were jailed after the illegal event

1886 - Lennox Robinson, playwright and one-time Abbey Theatre manager, is born in Douglas, Co. Cork

1959 - Direct dialing is launched in Ireland

1961 - General election is held in the Republic. Fianna Fáil gains 70 of the 144 seats

1999 - Aer Lingus announces it will drop its Knock Birmingham route. The decision by the national airline to cease operations on this route also means the severing of its only regular link with Knock Airport. A spokesperson for Aer Lingus confirms that the last flight on the Knock Birmingham route will be on October 29

2001 - Cork will be Europe's Culture Capital in 2005 after landing the prestigious title ahead of Galway

2002 - Thousands of people from all over the country march in protest over redundancy payments

2002 - The North's police service launch dawn raids on Sinn Féin's offices at the Northern Ireland parliament at Stormont

2010 - Graeme McDowell after delivering the match-winning point for Europe in his final singles match against the USA's Hunter Mahan at the Ryder Cup at Celtic Manor in Wales. For the first time in its history, the Ryder Cup stretched into a fourth day due to inclement weather

[Rashers]

October 5

1731 - Parliament meets at the new parliament house in College Green for the first time

1873 - Leslie Montgomery, comic writer under the pseudonym Lynn C. Doyle, is born in in Downpatrick, Co. Down

1878 - New York Gaelic Society is formed

1911 - Birth of Brian O’Nolan, aka Flann O’Brien and Myles na gCopaleen in Strabane, Co. Tyrone

1923 - Birth of Philip Berrigan - militant priest, Virginia, Minn

1924 - John Joe Barry, athlete who is known as 'the Ballincurry Hare', is born

1938 - Frank Patterson, tenor, is born in Clonmel, Co. Tipperary

1954 - Bob Geldof, rock musician and charity organizer, is born in Dún Laoghaire, Co. Dublin

1968 - Police clash with Derry civil rights marchers, giving birth to the civil rights organization People's Democracy

2000 - With pressure growing on Trimble to withdraw from the Northern Ireland power sharing executive, parliamentary colleague William Thompson, the West Tyrone MP is quoted as saying ‘‘He is on the skids and he cannot survive’

2000 - In one of the largest operations in the history of the State, over 150 gardaí and officers from the FBI search a warehouse and distribution center. At the centre of the investigation is a Shannon based company that is alleged to have sold counterfeit aircraft parts to aircraft maintenance and repair facilities

2000 - Ireland's ban on tobacco advertising stands despite the decision by the European Court of Justice to knock down an EU wide ban

2000 - Michael Collins who wrote The Keepers of Truth and Brian O’Doherty who wrote The Deposition Of Father McGreevy are among the six authors shortlisted for Britain’s Booker Prize

2000 - The World Windsurfing Grand Prix is held in Ireland for the first time

2000 - Midleton Distillery in Co. Cork wins the Distillery of the Year award

2001 - Former NI First Minister David Trimble announces plans to go to the House of Lords after failing to overturn a ruling that his ban on Sinn Fein ministers attending cross-Border meetings is illegal

2001 - Ten thousand rail travellers are delayed when Dublin's Heuston railway station closed because of a bomb alert

2003 - First Sunday edition of the Star newspaper is published.

2010 - At age 62, Maurice Ignatius "Moss" Keane loses his heroic battle against cancer. Tributes from the worlds of sport and politics pour in for the much-loved Ireland, Munster and Lions star who was capped 51 times for his country and was part of the famous Munster side that beat New Zealand in Thomond Park, Limerick, in 1978.

[Rashers]

October 6

1175 - Under the Treaty of Windsor, concluded on this date, Rory O'Connor recognizes Henry as his overlord and agrees to collect tribute for him from all parts of Ireland. Henry agrees that O'Connor can be king of the areas not conquered by the Normans. But O'Connor cannot control the territories of which he is nominally king, and Henry and his barons annex further land without consulting him

1216 - The union of the diocese of Glendalough with that of Dublin, having been promulgated by Pope Innocent III last year, is confirmed by Pope Honorius III

1649 - Owen Roe O'Neill dies

1798 - Grattan removed from Irish Privy Council, falsely charged with being a sworn member of United Irishmen

1891 - Death of Charles Stewart Parnell, champion of tenants rights and co-founder of the Land League; often called the "Uncrowned King of Ireland"

1901 - Birth of C. S. 'Todd' Andrews, revolutionary and public servant, in Dublin

1903 - Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton is born at Dungarvan, Co. Waterford. He and Sir John Douglas Cockcroft were awarded the 1951 Nobel Prize in Physics for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles

1928 - Death of Galway man Pádraic Ó Conaire, who was among the first writers to develop a new modern literature in the Irish language

1928 - Maeve Kyle, athlete and hockey player, is born in Kilkenny

1948 - Birth of Gerry Adams

1970 - Opening of the arms trial involving Charles Haughey

1980 - Mella Carroll, first female judge in the Republic, is appointed

2000 - It is announced that John Monks, a pig farmer from Cloughran, north Dublin who died last year, left almost £8 million in his will; he accumulated the vast sum from selling land to developers

2000 - The High Court grant gardaí the right to detain Slobodan Milosevic if he sets foot in Ireland

2002 - Some of the highest tides in a century are set to swamp the Irish coastline this week, prompting flood contingency plans in a number of high-risk areas.

[Rashers]

October 7

1731 - A complaint is made to the House of Commons 'that Mr Anthony Tenison did, in a violent and notorious manner, assault John Bourke, Esq., a Member of this House, by presenting a pistol to his breast, and threatening to shoot him, on the thirtieth of December last'

1878 - Birth of Margaret (Gretta) Cousins, Irish women's rights activist.

1910.- Premiere of Percy French’s play The Immigrant’s Letter

1919 - A cabinet committee is appointed to consider Irish self government

1935 - Birth of Thomas Kineally, Irish-Australian author of Schindler’s List which was originally called Schindler's Ark

1968 - Death of Margaret Mary Pearse, Irish language educator

1998 - The Bank of Ireland announces an unprecedented 20-year fixed rate of 6·99% within the first of a wave of interest cuts that will bring Irish rates into line with Europe for the introduction of the euro on January 1

1999 - The Corrs and The Divine Comedy emerge as Ireland’s favourite music stars winning three awards each at the Hot Press Rock Awards in Dublin. U2's "Sweetest Thing" wins for "Best Single"; Westlife picks up the prize for best Irish pop act; and Robbie Williams’s sell out concert at The Point Theatre, Dublin, wins him best live performance by an international act

1999 - Ireland moves a step closer to raising the recruitment age of the armed forces from 16 to 18

1999 - Aiming to raise awareness of world poverty, The Corrs and chartered accountants KPMG jointly launch the NetAid web site

2000 - The tenants of a Dublin inner city community refuse to leave their houses after been evicted. The tenants of 28 cottages - - almost all single mothers - block access to their homes when they go up for viewing to prospective buyers

2001 - The 46th Murphy's Cork Film Festival opens with a showing of Disco Pigs which was partly filmed in the city

2002 - Police in Northern Ireland are attacked with bottles and other missiles after a crowd of youths go on the rampage through Kilkeel, Co. Down

2002 - The peace process faces its gravest crisis with the announcement that Ian Paisley’s DUP two ministers will withdraw from the government

2002 - A man is shot and critically wounded in east Belfast in what is believed to be an escalation of a bitter feud between the Loyalist paramilitary groups, the UDA and UVF.

[Rashers]

October 8

1822 - Birth in Dublin of Richard D'Alton Williams. He is educated at Carlow Academy and studies medicine at Saint Vincent's Hospital, Dublin. He becomes a member of the Young Ireland movement and contributes poetry to The Nation under the pseudonym 'Shamrock'. In 1848, he is tried for treason for articles he publishes in the Irish Tribune, but he is successfully defended by lawyer and fellow poet Samuel Ferguson

1949 - Edith Oenone Somerville, Irish novelist, dies in Castletownshend, Co. Cork.In her late twenties, she meets her second cousin Violet Florence Martin who writes under the pseudonym Martin Ross. They become lifelong companions and literary partners, collaborating on a series of humorous novels about the rural Irish gentry. Their most important literary achievement is their novel The Real Charlotte which is published in 1894

1959 - Birth of musician Gavin Friday

1962 - Kerrygold butter is launched on the world market

1974 - Seán MacBride, President of the International Peace Bureau, Geneva, Switzerland, and President of the Commission of Namibia, United Nations, New York, USA, is awarded a half share of the Nobel Peace Prize

1998 - Minister for Defence, Michael Smith TD strongly defends his decision to close down six army barracks after several delegates stage a walk-out at the PDFORRA conference in Ennis, Co Clare

1999 - Rosmoney Shellfish of Co. Mayo is crowned as Ireland’s Best Oyster Grower in the 1999 BIM Guinness Quality Oyster Awards

1999 - On the grounds of Belfast City Hall, a six-foot statue is dedicated to the memory of the late James Magennis. He is finally honoured in his native Belfast 54 years after he was awarded the Victoria Cross for gallantry during the Second World War

2000 - Catholic bishops begin a three-day meeting in Maynooth during which they will attempt to reach agreement on the ordination of lay people as deacons

2000 - More than 40,000 jubilant supporters turn out to welcome the victorious Co. Kerry football team and the Sam Maguire Cup back to the Kingdom

2001 - Northern Ireland's political institutions are plunged into a new crisis as Ulster Unionists begin a phased withdrawal of ministers from the power-sharing executive

2002 - Sinn Féin president Gerry Adams claims that the raid on his party’s Stormont offices last week is a plot to throw the peace process into crisis

2002 - Catholic Bishops back the Nice Treaty, stating there is a stronger case for voting in favour than against.

[Rashers]

October 9

1651 - The Navigation Act provides that goods imported to any Commonwealth lands shall be carried in English ships only

1849 - First tenant protection society established at Callan, Co. Kilkenny.

1913 - Birth of golfer Harry "The Brad" Bradshaw near Delgany, Co. Wicklow

1968 - Champion racehorse, Arkle, is retired to see out the rest of his days in Bryanstown, Kildare

1974 - Death of poet and playwright Padraic Fallon. He was born in Athenry, Co Galway in 1905. His only collection during his lifetime, "Poems" was published a few months before his death

1978 - Birth of Nicholas Bernard James Adam Byrne in Dublin. Better known as Nicky Byrne, singer with the boyband Westlife

2000 - The Dinn Ri, Carlow Town, Co. Carlow, scoops the Black & White Pub of the Year Award for a third time

2001 - Nearly 450 jobs are lost as the economic fallout from the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the US continues to hit home. More than 1,600 workers at Waterford Crystal are also preparing for a complete shutdown next week for five days

2002 - SDLP Leader Mark Durkan urges the British and Irish Governments to do everything possible to minimise the damage to the Good Friday Agreement. Following talks in Downing Street with British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Mr Durkan acknowledges that the power-sharing government in Stormont may have to be suspended after allegations of an IRA spy ring operating within the Northern Ireland Government

2003 - The famous cranes at Belfast's Harland and Wolff shipyard, which dominate the city's skyline, are listed as historic monuments to ensure their preservation.